Main rules of electrical diagram and wiring

 

Main rules of electrical diagram and wiring

During the study of the theme that is proposed to you and that you will present to the BTS, you will be required to produce electrical diagrams meeting safety standards. All security measures have their important but some basic rules must be known by heart.

1. Consignment / Logout

Any electrical cabinet must be able to be locked out and out of lockout. As the holder of a BR authorization (which will be issued to you by your future employer) you are authorized to work on electrical equipment and to carry out, among other things, lockout and lockout operations for yourself. 

In head of the equipment there must be a padlockable disconnect switch allowing the entire equipment to be locked out or out of the box from outside the electrical cabinet.

.

2. Signaling

The different states of the equipment must be indicated by a column
luminous whose colors have a definite meaning:
- colorless glass: voltage on the system
- orange lens: returnable system
- red verrine: system deconsigned


.

3. Differential protection

Any equipment or electrical system must be fitted with an RCD personal protection device (circuit breaker or switch) according to the earth connection diagram to which it is subjected.
The protections of goods and materials are sized according to the receivers to be supplied.

.

4. Electrical diagram

Any electrical equipment diagram should start according to the model below:


.

5. Power supply to the cabinet

The electrical box must be powered by a 5-conductor (3 phases + neutral + PE) or 4-conductor (3 phases + PE) cable connected directly upstream of the main disconnect switch without passing through the terminal block.
The power cable entry into the box must be made through a cable gland.
The passage of this cable in the ducts is prohibited and its identification must be clear.

6. Conductor color

Depending on the function and the nature of the network in which the conductor is placed, it has a color defined by the standard:
- black: power circuit (AC and DC)
- red: control circuit (alternative)
- blue: control circuit (continuous)
- light blue: neutral of the power circuits (when they are not used for earthing)
- orange: control circuit permanently energized
- green / yellow: electrical protection

7. Identification of conductors

Each conductor must bear a mark corresponding to that of the diagram
electric.

7.1 Equipotential identification

It is the easiest to implement. All drivers still subject to the
same potential have the same number. The number changes when there is
possibility of opening the circuit.

Examples:

.

7.2 Material-dependent marking

The method consists of assigning the given marker numbers to the conductors
materials by manufacturers. Addressing is necessary so as not to
confuse the conductors connected to similar equipment.
Examples:


.

 

Main rules of electrical diagram and wiring

During the study of the theme that is proposed to you and that you will present to the BTS, you will be required to produce electrical diagrams meeting safety standards. All security measures have their important but some basic rules must be known by heart.

1. Consignment / Logout

Any electrical cabinet must be able to be locked out and out of lockout. As the holder of a BR authorization (which will be issued to you by your future employer) you are authorized to work on electrical equipment and to carry out, among other things, lockout and lockout operations for yourself. 

In head of the equipment there must be a padlockable disconnect switch allowing the entire equipment to be locked out or out of the box from outside the electrical cabinet.

.

2. Signaling

The different states of the equipment must be indicated by a column
luminous whose colors have a definite meaning:
- colorless glass: voltage on the system
- orange lens: returnable system
- red verrine: system deconsigned


.

3. Differential protection

Any equipment or electrical system must be fitted with an RCD personal protection device (circuit breaker or switch) according to the earth connection diagram to which it is subjected.
The protections of goods and materials are sized according to the receivers to be supplied.

.

4. Electrical diagram

Any electrical equipment diagram should start according to the model below:


.

5. Power supply to the cabinet

The electrical box must be powered by a 5-conductor (3 phases + neutral + PE) or 4-conductor (3 phases + PE) cable connected directly upstream of the main disconnect switch without passing through the terminal block.
The power cable entry into the box must be made through a cable gland.
The passage of this cable in the ducts is prohibited and its identification must be clear.

6. Conductor color

Depending on the function and the nature of the network in which the conductor is placed, it has a color defined by the standard:
- black: power circuit (AC and DC)
- red: control circuit (alternative)
- blue: control circuit (continuous)
- light blue: neutral of the power circuits (when they are not used for earthing)
- orange: control circuit permanently energized
- green / yellow: electrical protection

7. Identification of conductors

Each conductor must bear a mark corresponding to that of the diagram
electric.

7.1 Equipotential identification

It is the easiest to implement. All drivers still subject to the
same potential have the same number. The number changes when there is
possibility of opening the circuit.

Examples:

.

7.2 Material-dependent marking

The method consists of assigning the given marker numbers to the conductors
materials by manufacturers. Addressing is necessary so as not to
confuse the conductors connected to similar equipment.
Examples:


.