Different Parts of the Engine and their Function [Notes & PDF]
Cylinder Block is the main part of the IC (Internal Combustion) engine. It is the part where all the functions of the engine take place inside it, such as intake, suction, compression, combustion, exhaust, etc.
The function of the cylinder in IC engines is to hold the fuel and guide the piston.
The cylinders are made of Cast iron and Cast steel by the process of casting to handle all the temperature and pressure that is generated after the combustion of fuel.
So the cylinder is designed in such a way that its compressive strength is high. It also requires cooling in the engine cylinder because of its high pressure and temperature.
The cylinder head is the top cover of the engine cylinder, which covers the cylinder from the top side to seal the cylinder and does not allow air and gas to enter and exit the system.
The head is made as per design requirements by cast iron or aluminum by the manufacturing process of forging or casting.
The cylinder head consists above the cylinder block and contains various components such as a spark plug in a petrol engine, inlet valve, exhaust valve, and injector for fuel supply in the case of a diesel engine.
For proper leakproof between cylinder and cylinder head, an asbestos packing and metal gasket are provided.
A piston slides inside the cylinder in reciprocating motion and transfers mechanical energy to the crankshaft with the help of connecting rod.
The piston is designed in such a way that it is strong, light, and sufficient to handle the pressure and temperature that is generated after the combustion of fuel.
The piston is made up of cast iron or sometimes made of aluminum alloy.
The piston rings are used to provide the sealing effect between the cylinder and the piston. It helps to do not leak the engine's combustion gas and bypassing the piston and also helps to overcome the friction around the piston.
Piston rings are made of cast iron and alloy cast iron. It is of two types:
Compressor Ring (Pressure Ring)
Oil Controller Ring
Compressor Ring transfers heat from the piston to the cylinder liner and it is inserted into the top grooves of the piston. Compressor rings are also used to overcome the side thrust over the piston which causes fluctuations.
The oil controller ring maintains the proper lubrication between the cylinder and the piston and is placed under the pressure ring. it also maintains access to lubrication.
A connecting rod is used to connect the piston to the crankshaft with the help of a piston pin and crank pin.
Connecting rod transmits the reciprocating motion of the piston to rotary motion of the crankshaft so this works as a lever arm that transfers the motion from one end to the other end.
One end is called the big end which is connected to the crankshaft and another end is called the small end which is connected to the piston.
Connecting rod made up of Low carbon steel, for the small engine, it is made up of cast aluminum alloy by the manufacturing process of heat treatment and forging process.
Crank means simply rotating or turning the engine's crankshaft. The crank works as a rotating member that receives power from the connecting rod and transmits it to the crankshaft, so the crank works as a lever between the connecting rod and crankshaft.
In an engine, the crankshaft receives the power or efforts or thrust by the piston through the connecting rod and transmits this power of reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft which is further connected to the flywheel and transmission shaft which is used to move the vehicle.
Different Parts of the Engine and their Function [Notes & PDF]
Cylinder Block is the main part of the IC (Internal Combustion) engine. It is the part where all the functions of the engine take place inside it, such as intake, suction, compression, combustion, exhaust, etc.
The function of the cylinder in IC engines is to hold the fuel and guide the piston.
The cylinders are made of Cast iron and Cast steel by the process of casting to handle all the temperature and pressure that is generated after the combustion of fuel.
So the cylinder is designed in such a way that its compressive strength is high. It also requires cooling in the engine cylinder because of its high pressure and temperature.
The cylinder head is the top cover of the engine cylinder, which covers the cylinder from the top side to seal the cylinder and does not allow air and gas to enter and exit the system.
The head is made as per design requirements by cast iron or aluminum by the manufacturing process of forging or casting.
The cylinder head consists above the cylinder block and contains various components such as a spark plug in a petrol engine, inlet valve, exhaust valve, and injector for fuel supply in the case of a diesel engine.
For proper leakproof between cylinder and cylinder head, an asbestos packing and metal gasket are provided.
A piston slides inside the cylinder in reciprocating motion and transfers mechanical energy to the crankshaft with the help of connecting rod.
The piston is designed in such a way that it is strong, light, and sufficient to handle the pressure and temperature that is generated after the combustion of fuel.
The piston is made up of cast iron or sometimes made of aluminum alloy.
The piston rings are used to provide the sealing effect between the cylinder and the piston. It helps to do not leak the engine's combustion gas and bypassing the piston and also helps to overcome the friction around the piston.
Piston rings are made of cast iron and alloy cast iron. It is of two types:
Compressor Ring (Pressure Ring)
Oil Controller Ring
Compressor Ring transfers heat from the piston to the cylinder liner and it is inserted into the top grooves of the piston. Compressor rings are also used to overcome the side thrust over the piston which causes fluctuations.
The oil controller ring maintains the proper lubrication between the cylinder and the piston and is placed under the pressure ring. it also maintains access to lubrication.
A connecting rod is used to connect the piston to the crankshaft with the help of a piston pin and crank pin.
Connecting rod transmits the reciprocating motion of the piston to rotary motion of the crankshaft so this works as a lever arm that transfers the motion from one end to the other end.
One end is called the big end which is connected to the crankshaft and another end is called the small end which is connected to the piston.
Connecting rod made up of Low carbon steel, for the small engine, it is made up of cast aluminum alloy by the manufacturing process of heat treatment and forging process.
Crank means simply rotating or turning the engine's crankshaft. The crank works as a rotating member that receives power from the connecting rod and transmits it to the crankshaft, so the crank works as a lever between the connecting rod and crankshaft.
In an engine, the crankshaft receives the power or efforts or thrust by the piston through the connecting rod and transmits this power of reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft which is further connected to the flywheel and transmission shaft which is used to move the vehicle.
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