How to make an electronic fuse / short circuit protection
Having to disappear in favor of the circuit breaker, the fuse nevertheless has certain advantages. What is the fuse used for, what are its different types and what are its disadvantages compared to the circuit breaker? We take stock here in the context of our file on the various elements of the electrical installation.
The fuse or fuse circuit breaker is a safety device designed to cut off the electrical current in the event of an overload or a short circuit (see our article on the role of the fuse here). The main component of this device is a small insulator enveloping a conductive wire which melts when it is crossed by a current of intensity greater than the supported caliber. Thus, it makes it possible to open the electrical circuit during a period of overcurrent and prevents fires as well as the destruction of the entire system. The fuse guarantees the integrity of the power supply circuit.
Fuses are visible in almost all old electrical installations. The operation of these devices is governed by standard IEC 60269. This standard regulates three modes of operation:
• gG fuse: very common in domestic installations, it offers protection against short circuits and overloads
• aM fuse: only used against short circuits, for example in motors and primary circuits of transformers
• Ultra-fast fuse: designed to protect semiconductors
There are different types of fuses depending on their shape and format. Generally, a fuse takes the form of a ceramic cylinder (especially for electronic circuits) or glass (on electrical panels, inside sockets, etc.), the center of which is crossed by a metal filament .
There are other types of fuses such as those with tabs or those with strips. The latter are mainly installed on the starting systems of automobiles. Finally, some recent fuses incorporate an explosive component that bursts when the current intensity is too high.
According to the IEC 60127 standard, manufacturers of electrical components allocate fuses according to the time that these devices take to cut off the current. Thus, FF (ultra-fast), F (fast), T (delay) and TT (ultra-delay) fuses are found on the market. There are 2 A, 10 A, 16 A or 32 A fuses on the market. 10 A fuses are sufficient to operate and protect lighting systems. However, for a three-phase socket or an oven, it is necessary to have 16 or 32 A fuses.
How to make an electronic fuse / short circuit protection
Having to disappear in favor of the circuit breaker, the fuse nevertheless has certain advantages. What is the fuse used for, what are its different types and what are its disadvantages compared to the circuit breaker? We take stock here in the context of our file on the various elements of the electrical installation.
The fuse or fuse circuit breaker is a safety device designed to cut off the electrical current in the event of an overload or a short circuit (see our article on the role of the fuse here). The main component of this device is a small insulator enveloping a conductive wire which melts when it is crossed by a current of intensity greater than the supported caliber. Thus, it makes it possible to open the electrical circuit during a period of overcurrent and prevents fires as well as the destruction of the entire system. The fuse guarantees the integrity of the power supply circuit.
Fuses are visible in almost all old electrical installations. The operation of these devices is governed by standard IEC 60269. This standard regulates three modes of operation:
• gG fuse: very common in domestic installations, it offers protection against short circuits and overloads
• aM fuse: only used against short circuits, for example in motors and primary circuits of transformers
• Ultra-fast fuse: designed to protect semiconductors
There are different types of fuses depending on their shape and format. Generally, a fuse takes the form of a ceramic cylinder (especially for electronic circuits) or glass (on electrical panels, inside sockets, etc.), the center of which is crossed by a metal filament .
There are other types of fuses such as those with tabs or those with strips. The latter are mainly installed on the starting systems of automobiles. Finally, some recent fuses incorporate an explosive component that bursts when the current intensity is too high.
According to the IEC 60127 standard, manufacturers of electrical components allocate fuses according to the time that these devices take to cut off the current. Thus, FF (ultra-fast), F (fast), T (delay) and TT (ultra-delay) fuses are found on the market. There are 2 A, 10 A, 16 A or 32 A fuses on the market. 10 A fuses are sufficient to operate and protect lighting systems. However, for a three-phase socket or an oven, it is necessary to have 16 or 32 A fuses.
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