electronics
The electronics engineering major falls under electrical engineering as well, and it is a major that deals with electronic components or circuits, and its function is to design, improve, and maintain electronic circuit parts. Where these circuits use some components and their characteristics such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, and transistors, to obtain certain functions after putting them together, and examples of these circuits are those used in radio, which allows the user to filter all channels except for one, and it is called a circuit Tuning Circuit.[7][11]
Microelectronics
Technological progress requires the development of devices of smaller size, faster speed, and more functions, in order to improve the functioning of computers, personal electronics, electronic car systems, mobile phones, smart phones, laser devices, and others. Therefore, a specialist in the field of microelectronics creates electronic components with standards microscopic, as well as developing electronic and photonic devices that generate, detect, transmit, distribute, modify, and amplify energy and electrical information, and among the important areas of this specialization are materials science, chemistry, physics, optics, and electromagnetic theory, as this specialization worked to revolutionize The field of electronics and optical industries, such as the development of transistors, integrated circuits, lasers, optics, and optical devices such as display screens and sensors.[8][12]
Other areas
Other fields that fall under the electrical engineering specialization include:
Power Systems: This field is concerned with the generation, distribution, and control of electric power. Power systems include: electromechanical transformers, motors, generators, and transformers. Among the technical challenges faced by this specialty: maintaining the stability of power systems, and potential new energy sources. and emerging technologies such as magnetically levitated trains, and the use of high-temperature superconductors in electrical machines.[10]
Signal processing: This field is concerned with signal processing and analysis, designing and analyzing the devices necessary to implement the processing, and it is an important specialization for a number of fields. Such as communications, control, image and video processing, radar, sonar, geophysical exploration, and consumer electronics. [13] The signals include two main types: [11]
Analog signals: These signals vary continuously based on the transmitted information, and are processed by amplifying and filtering the audio signals of audio equipment, or working to modify and remove signals for communications.
Digital signals: These signals differ based on a series of discrete values that represent information, and their processing includes error detection, correction, or even compression.
Instrumentation Engineering: (Instrumentation Engineering) The work of the Instrumentation Engineer is summarized in the design of devices specialized in measuring physical quantities; Such as devices measuring pressure, flow, and temperature, so their work requires extensive knowledge of physics and electromagnetic theory, and these devices are often used as sensors within larger electrical systems to control a specific factor, and thus this specialization is similar to the specialization of control engineering.[9][11]
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